In Ford gives up on turning its cars into smartphones Zachary Seward shares a story on how adding seemingly cutting-edge features to everyday products can do more damage than good:

But it seems people have no patience for touchscreens when a simple knob will do. Raj Nair, head of global product development, tells the Wall Street Journal (paywall) that knobs and buttons will return to the dashboards of new Fords for functions like tuning the radio and changing the volume. The company said it would follow the model of its F-150 pickup truck, which currently sports a mix of touchscreen and more traditional controls on its dashboard panel.

This reminds me of a point Aylin Koca makes in her 2009 PhD study called Soft Reliability in New Product Development (PDF link):

Misalignments between product capabilities and user preferences damage the overall success of a product in the market. Especially in the past few years, these misalignments increasingly lead to users rejecting or returning products after purchase. However, technical analyses of such products show that these products fully meet their technical specifications. This is particularly the case with highly innovative products that bear considerable market uncertainty during their development.

Have a look at this graph from Managing product reliability in business processes under pressure that shows the percentage of “No Fault Found” products that are being returned after purchase:

More products than ever are being returned to shops because people think they are broken when they’re not — they’re just really difficult to use. And I guess that’s what Ford discovered as well: easy will beat fancy every time.

One of the reasons why Twitter works so well is its high information density, enforced by the 140 character limit. All the information is immediately visible in your stream. There is no need to read a subject line and then click through to the content, as with email. In fact, there’s very little clicking required at all — only scrolling. Sure, you can click on a link or a photo if you’re motivated to do so, but only if you believe what you’ll find at the other end of the link is going to be interesting to you. Otherwise, all you have to do is just keep scrolling.

Instagram’s core strength relied on a similar principle. It was just photos you could scroll through. Nothing more, nothing less. You could open Instagram for 10 seconds and check what’s new, or for 10 minutes and get lost in the universe of people’s lives. And you always knew what you were going to get: an endless stream of photos. Just keep scrolling.

Well, not any more. This week, co-founder Kevin Systrom introduced the addition of video content on Instagram, saying:

Some moments, however, need more than a static image to come to life. Until now these stories have been missing from Instagram.

Just like that, Instagram gave up their biggest strength: the simple consistency of giving users exactly what they expect every time they open the app. Now there’s no way to tell if you’re going to see a photo or a video. When you do happen upon a video, you have to stop scrolling and wait for it to load. And if you happen to check Instagram during a meeting and forget to turn the sound off… well, awkward.

This is such a change in direction from the company Kevin Systrom described in 2010 in an answer to the question What is the genesis of Instagram? (my emphasis added):

We decided that if we were going to build a company, we wanted to focus on being really good at one thing. We saw mobile photos as an awesome opportunity to try out some new ideas. We spent 1 week prototyping a version that focused solely on photos. It was pretty awful. So we went back to creating a native version of Burbn. We actually got an entire version of Burbn done as an iPhone app, but it felt cluttered, and overrun with features. It was really difficult to decide to start from scratch, but we went out on a limb, and basically cut everything in the Burbn app except for its photo, comment, and like capabilities. What remained was Instagram.

They wanted to be really good at one thing… The first version was cluttered and overrun with features… They basically cut everything, and what remained was Instagram… Until this week. Suddenly, the app is cluttered and overrun with features again.

The introduction of video on Instagram is clearly a move to compete with Vine, the 6-second video service from Twitter. What’s ironic is that chasing after competitor features is exactly how the photo service Hipstamatic lost their own battle against Instagram. From No Filter: How Instagram Caused Hipstamatic To Lose Focus And Gamble On Social:

For a startup that prides itself on the originality and creativity of its users, Hipstamatic spent much of 2012 chasing many other companies’ ideas. “I can honestly say that there was a lot of talk about Instagram, Path, and social,” [Hipstamatic CEO Lucas] Buick says of his company’s internal discussions. “Ultimately, that’s what shifted our focus away from who we really are.”

Only time will tell if Instagram’s introduction of video represents a similar mistake. But it’s worth noting that they have now introduced a significant amount of what Kris Gale calls complexity cost:

Complexity cost is the debt you accrue by complicating features or technology in order to solve problems. An application that does twenty things is more difficult to refactor than an application that does one thing, so changes to its code will take longer. Sometimes complexity is a necessary cost, but only organizations that fully internalize the concept can hope to prevent runaway spending in this area.

I still love Instagram, but I worry that it’s just the latest example of our obsession to add as many features as possible to products out of fear of losing traction. Instead of lateral shifts into additional functionality, I’d like to see more companies double down on the features they already have, and continuously improve the experience around those features.

Jay Cassano did an excellent interview with Nate Bolt, who is in charge of design research at Facebook. My favorite part from Secrets From Facebook’s Mobile UX Testing Team:

We try to never deliver any reports ever, if possible. Reports can’t attend meetings and they can’t argue in favor of their findings. They die in the wastebasket immediately. So we’ll bring up some data in a session, we brainstorm on a whiteboard, absorb some of the human patterns of the people that are using this stuff, and then incorporate that in our next build. That’s the goal.

Since I’m currently on the client side of design, reports are still very much a part of what we do. We often have to convince many more people than just the immediate project team about the changes we’re recommending. However, whenever possible we discuss our findings in a workshop environment with clients first, so that we’re all aligned on what the main usability issues are. This approach sometimes negates the need for a report entirely, which is a great outcome — everyone just does what needs to be done to make the product better.

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I love this paragraph from Dave Rupert’s latest post on images in responsive design:

If the web cannot keep pace with a native experience in speed (rendering in under 1000ms), we’re all going to be out of a job. An uptick in native app usage means budget dollars would follow the trend and be poured into native apps. Meanwhile public facing websites will be left to rot because no one cared and we littered the web with bullshit. Native wins, the web dies, Zeldman hangs up his beanie, and Sir Tim Berners-Lee cries a single tear. That’s not the future I desire. I want an open, accessible, usable, free web available to anyone no matter the creed of their device.

William Kremer’s Why did men stop wearing high heels? is a fascinating look at history, gender inequality, and the peculiarities of seeking status. This part stuck with me:

In the muddy, rutted streets of 17th Century Europe, these new shoes had no utility value whatsoever — but that was the point.

“One of the best ways that status can be conveyed is through impracticality,” says [Elizabeth Semmelhack of the Bata Shoe Museum in Toronto], adding that the upper classes have always used impractical, uncomfortable and luxurious clothing to announce their privileged status.

“They aren’t in the fields working and they don’t have to walk far.”

So, people wore high heals because impractical clothes showed off one’s status. This seems very similar to how expensive sports cars are viewed in our current society. They’re highly impractical if you want to take anything with you where you’re going (or if you have kids), but having one certainly shows that you have a lot of money.

This got me thinking about technology products and their link to status. I remember that before the iPhone came out, during meetings people used to leave their cell phones in their pockets (well, on their belt clips…). Then, once the iPhone came along, pulling out your phone and placing it face up on the table became a status symbol. Suddenly the phone wasn’t meant to be hidden, but meant to be shown off. The iPhone is designed to be seen.

Companies like Nike tap into this sense of status by making the Fuelband extremely wearable. It’s not something you hide away, like the Fitbit. It’s something that’s meant to be shown off. From Dan Hon’s excellent article Fitness by design:

A few hours up the US west coast though, lies a company built upon not just sport performance, but also personal expression, fashion and style. Nike’s FuelBand is worn around your wrist. It looks and feels better, with its black rubber and distinctive pinpricked colour display inviting discussion. […] Though it is a silent device that constantly logs your activity, it is not out of sight — it is permanently visible, a wearable statement. You’re not given the choice of hiding it.

Of course, most technology products are very different from high heels in that they’re actually useful. So I guess some things have changed since the 1600s. Where impracticality used to be a sign of status, with technology we now associate that status with good design — a mix of utility, usability, and aesthetics.

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I’ve been watching the responses to iOS 7 with great interest. I’m most surprised (even though I shouldn’t be) by the extremely forceful and visceral negative reactions to the visual direction of the new OS. Most tweets about about it sound something like this:

First reaction: everything about iOS 7 feels… wrong.The typeface is hard to read, controls are totally inconsistent, and it’s flatly ugly.

— dustin curtis (@dcurtis) June 11, 2013

First, please let’s remember to give it five minutes before dismissing an entire operating system. iOS is an interface, not art. You can’t judge it without using it. You might think it’s ugly, and that’s fine. But you can’t go around quoting Steve Jobs’s “Design is how it works, not what it looks like” quote to everyone, and then get all worked up when Apple uses some colors and typography that you don’t like. If you truly believe that design is how it works, then you have to use iOS 7 to determine whether or not it works.

Also, why is it ok for startups to launch something unpolished, but when Apple redesigns their entire mobile operating system everything has to be perfect? Cap Watkins put it well in iOS 7. Unpolished By Design.:

And now we’re complaining that this completely revamped, new, version one interface isn’t perfect. Isn’t polished. Isn’t honed. We asked for a revolution and were delivered one which, all complexities considered, amounts to more than any one of our best first launches.

And then there are those who are calling this a copy of Windows Phone 8, and/or lamenting the fact that the design is flat as a board. No, it’s not. The icons might be flat, but as a design system, as John Gruber notes:

There is a profound reduction in the use of faux-3D visual effects and textures, but iOS 7 is anything but flat. It is three dimensional not just visually but logically. […] There’s a sense of place, depth, and spatiality in iOS 7 that makes it feel like hardware. A real thing, not pixels rendered on glass.

Finally, I agree with Jim Dalrymple’s assessment in Apple’s confidence:

One thing that became very clear to me early on in today’s keynote is that Apple was having fun again. They were really enjoying themselves.

And that’s a good thing. They’re finding their feet in the post-Jobs environment. So instead of tearing our clothes in despair, let’s celebrate the fact that Apple is moving forward with iOS, and that this new OS is a great new baseline for future improvements. Let’s give it five minutes.