Some of the charts here are a little hard to parse, but this is pretty incredible.
In the top panel, you can see that in the 1960s, only around 14% of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia survived at least five years. Despite initially improving upon treatment, most relapsed and died soon after. By the 2010s, the chances of survival had increased dramatically: 94% of children survived at least five years.
Source: Childhood leukemia: how a deadly cancer became treatable →